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Comparison of Nested PCR and Conventional Analysis of Plasmodium Parasites in Kano, Nigeria
Oladele Olasoji Vincent,
Eugene Ikeh,
Feyi Obisakin
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
85-90
Received:
10 August 2017
Accepted:
5 September 2017
Published:
5 October 2017
Abstract: Plasmodium identification represents the crucial factor in malaria diagnosis and treatment across developing countries. Conventional microscopy and the use of rapid diagnostic kits have been extensively applied towards human malaria diagnosis. Recombinant DNA techniques have been applied towards malaria diagnosis as well as in the species specific identification using Plasmodium 18s-rRNA gene. This study was undertaken amongst patients attending the Murtala Mohammed Specialist Hospital, Kano. Blood samples were collected from 350 malaria suspected patients. Microscopic analysis via Giemsa-staining revealed that 220 patients were positive for malaria. RDT analysis showed that 248 test samples were positive for Plasmodium infection. DNA products obtained from the blood samples were analyzed by nested PCR to amplify the 18S ssrRNA Plasmodium gene with genus and specific primers rPLU1/5, rPLU3/4, rVIV1/2, rFAL1/2, rMAL1/2 and rOVA1/2. Data obtained showed that 58.64% of specimens tested by microscopy were false positives while 60.62% of false positives were obtained using RDTs in comparison to nPCR which proved that on 91 out of 350 patients were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, representing 26% of tested specimen. Comparative analysis of nPCR to microscopy showed that the sensitivity and positive predictive values of the nPCR were determined as 100 and 41.36%, respectively, while against RDTs it was 100 and 39.38% respectively. nPCR was determined to be more sensitive and specific than either microscopy or RDTs. This study revealed that the accurate diagnosis of malaria by nPCR was compulsory in malaria-prone regions of Nigeria such that nPCR should be applied routinely in laboratory studies.
Abstract: Plasmodium identification represents the crucial factor in malaria diagnosis and treatment across developing countries. Conventional microscopy and the use of rapid diagnostic kits have been extensively applied towards human malaria diagnosis. Recombinant DNA techniques have been applied towards malaria diagnosis as well as in the species specific ...
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Assessment of Some Haemostatic Parameters Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Bayelsa State: A Case Study at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa
Benjamin Onyema Eledo,
Michael Ifesinachi Nwoga,
Okezie Caleb Okamgba,
Sylvester Chibueze Izah
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
91-96
Received:
13 August 2017
Accepted:
5 September 2017
Published:
6 October 2017
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. This study investigated some haemostatic parameters among diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetes clinic at the Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa; A tertiary health institution. One hundred and eleven individuals participated in this study, comprising 31 females and 25 males (diabetes mellitus patients) and 30 females and 25 males (control subjects). Blood was collected from the participants and the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and platelets count were analyzed using standard procedures. Results showed mean values in females and males as 10.84±2.18 and11.28±0.86seconds respectively (prothrombin time), 29.26±2.16 and 30.93±2.43seconds (activated partial thromboplastin time), 401.94±59.20 and 402.20±41.72x109/L respectively (platelets counts) for the diabetes mellitus patients and 12.74±1.42 and 12.34±1.09seconds respectively (prothrombin time), 32.81±1.76 and 32.77±1.46seconds (activated partial thromboplastin time), 263.33±55.32 and 282±51.03 x109/L respectively (platelets counts) for the control groups. There was significant variation (P<0.002) among both group of subjects for each of the sex. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were significantly lower while platelets counts were significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus patients compared to the control. Lower prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time suggest hyper-coagulability which may lead to adverse cardiovascular and thrombotic complications among the diabetes mellitus patients. While an elevated platelets counts is an indication of increased platelets function which could lead to vascular complications.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. This study investigated some haemostatic parameters among diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetes clinic at the Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa; A tertiary health institution. One hundred and eleven individuals participated in this study, comprisi...
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Composition and Health Properties of Coffee Bean
Muhammad Zuhair Mohd Zain,
Amal Bakr Shori,
Ahmad Salihin Baba
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
97-100
Received:
28 September 2017
Accepted:
17 October 2017
Published:
1 November 2017
Abstract: Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. It is a main dietary source of polyphenol and phenolic acid. These constituents of the coffee are correlated well with the high antioxidant property, weight loss, mood enhancing and increase alertness, effectiveness against hypertension and anticancer property. Therefore, this review highlighted the health properties of the coffee bean.
Abstract: Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. It is a main dietary source of polyphenol and phenolic acid. These constituents of the coffee are correlated well with the high antioxidant property, weight loss, mood enhancing and increase alertness, effectiveness against hypertension and anticancer property. Therefore, this review highli...
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